CORRICHEM
Scope of Engineering Services
& Turnkey Projects of CORRICHEM
I- Corrosion Control
The conduction of elaborated corrosion surveys on the operations to identify the corrosion problems ,and recommend the relevant corrosion control programs. Preparation of the survey report covering the survey findings ,and recommendations. Preparation of the cost estimate ,and the economical feasibility study for the corrosion mitigation programs .
A- Cathodic Protection :
1- Running cathodic protection field surveys; including the soil resistivity survey , potential survey, line current survey (IR drop), insulation effectiveness survey, coating / wrapping resistance measurements, holiday detection surveys, CP mutual and destructive interference tests , and the DC electrolytic stray current corrosion investigations.Solving the interference problems, AC electrolysis investigations. The performance of the cathodic protective current requirement field tests to design CP systems for pipelines, steel structures , concrete, and well casings. The investigation of the external corrosion of well casings, and casings leaks problems by correlating the CPET and CPP logs to CET and CBL logs.
2- The complete design of cathodic protection
systems for pipelines, tanks' bottoms, well casings, marine structures, piers and
jetties, sheet pilings of
harbours, reinforced concrete and internally for tanks and vessels. The CP designs are either utilising the galvanic anodes or
the impressed current anodes. The
cathodic protection design covers the complete CP system
including the surface ground beds / deep anode
wells, the circuit elements, the monitoring
aids and the power source .
3- Preparation of the Bill of Materials and Specifications of the materials required for the CP projects .
4- CP materials supply , preparation of tenders packages.
5- Evaluation of CP systems performance, troubleshooting, upgrading, and maintenance .
B- Painting / Coating / Lining / Wrapping :
1- Performing surveys and inspection, both visually and by different instruments, on the painted structures and the recommendation of the suitable painting systems ,and procedures for the various applications of various paint types to the various environments .
2- Materials supply .
3- The application including the surface
preparation by the sandblasting /grit blasting, powered tools …etc and painting (air
spraying, airless spraying …etc) according to the international standards. The applications cover pipelines, tank vessels
(both internally and externally) and
other steel structures and concrete.
4- Cement, plastic and rubber lining. Pipelines wrapping and coating. Thermofit shrinkage sleeves.
5- Third party quality control inspection services for sandblasting and painting contracts .
C- Materials Selection :
1- Investigation of the corrosion problems of
alloys used as construction materials in
the various corrosive media. Recommending the most economical and corrosion resistant alloys types and grades for service based
on the metallurgical properties and
the characteristics of the corrosive environment
with respect to the different corrosion forms :
a- Uniform corrosion, sweet and sour corrosion .
b- Localised corrosion: pitting, crevice,
galvanic, oxygen attack,
differential aeration, erosion corrosion,
cavitation,impingement, de-alloying, inter-granular
and trans-granular corrosion, microbiological corrosion , flow induced corrosion .
c- Environmental cracking: Stress corrosion cracking (sulphide stress cracking, chlorides stress cracking …), hydrogen induced cracking (hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen blistering …), fatigue corrosion .
d- The materials selection for ESP parts, rod pumps parts, casing, tubings, pipelines, vessels … based on the above .
2- Failure analysis .
D- Chemicals :
Investigation of the corrosion problems and recommending the relevant corrosion control programs using the various types and categories of chemicals for the applications to oil, gas, and water systems.
1- Organising the corrosion control programs using the corrosion inhibitors and oxygen scavengers chemicals. Recommending the suitable chemicals categories, treatment methods and dosages , and the relevant monitoring methods. Interpretation of the monitoring results and the evaluation of the corrosion inhibition programs .
2- The investigation of the microbiological corrosion problems in water systems and tank bottoms … Recommending the suitable categories of the biocide chemicals, treatment dosages and trends, and the program monitoring methods. The interpretation of the monitoring results and the evaluation of the programs.
3- The investigation of the scale
deposition problems in the water and oil / water systems. Theoretical and physical prediction of the deposition of scale of
the different types .Recommending the suitable scale
inhibitors categories, dosages and
treatment trends, and the monitoring methods. The interpretation of the monitoring results and the evaluation of the program .
II- Inspection and Corrosion Monitoring
The recommendation, organisation and implementation of the corrosion monitoring and detection programs as follows :
1- Recommendation the suitable internal corrosion
monitoring techniques and systems, materials
supply, installation of the access fittings and the monitoring
elements, hot tapping. Monitoring elements retrieval, insertion and maintenance . The monitors types include the weight loss coupons, electrical
resistance probes, linear polarisation probes, galvanic probes, sand
probes, paraffin sticks, scale coupons, hydrogen
evaluation probes (pressure / vacuum / galvanic-
patch / insert type ), bio probes in addition to the injection / sampling
assemblies. Acting as a Third party for corrosion monitoring
during chemicals
fields testing .
2- The organisation of the equipment failure records keeping and analysis (leak frequency / curves …) .
3- Visual inspection .
4- The organisation / conduction of the periodic NDT
surveys by Ultrasonic on the equipment and vessels, analysis of the survey results
and the diagnosis
of the failure causes to recommend the equipment repair / replacement
work and procedures .
5- The organisation / conduction of the programs comprising chemical analysis of the operations fluids streams for iron counts, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria count, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, Oxygen content …
6- The observation of the corrosion products and analysis .
7- Evaluation of the downhole internal corrosion problems in the well casings by interpreting the PAT and ETT logs .
8- evaluation of the downhole external corrosion problems in the well casings by interpreting the CPP and CPET logs and with correlation to CET and CBL logs. Evaluation of the CP systems performance for the well casings .
9- Upon request, we can provide the inspection services for the
tubular goods, vessels…. and welding through our
subcontractors by the following techniques ,wherever
applicable :Mechanical optical, magnetic particle, dye penetrant special end area inspection, eddy current, ultrasonic , drift test, thread gauge
inspection, radiographic welding inspection, hydrostatic
testing .
III- Chemical Treatment and Process Engineering For Oil , Gas and Water
A- Scale Problems in The Surface Production Equipment :
Investigation of the problems, theoretical and physical prediction of the scale deposition, identification of the scale types and morphology which deposit into gas separators, decilitres, oil heaters, pipelines, tanks, water injection systems, cooling water systems and brackish water systems….. The recommendation / organisation of the scale inhibition programs, chemicals field testing programs. The recommendation of the suitable scale inhibitor chemicals categories and treatment methods. Monitoring and evaluation of the scale inhibition programs. Recommending and implementing the scale removal and equipment cleaning programs.
B- Oil Based Deposits (Paraffins & Asphaltenes) Problems in The Surface Production Equipment :
Investigation of the problem, theoretical and physical prediction, identification of the deposits, organising and recommending the necessary programs for prevention of the deposits, Monitoring and evaluation of the programs . Recommending the chemicals categories (paraffin dispersants, inhibitors, pour point depressants … ), and organising the chemicals field testing programs. Organising and implementing the tank / vessels cleaning programs .
C- Corrosion Problems in The Surface Production Equipment :
Investigation of the problems , organising the corrosion inhibition programs using corrosion inhibitors and oxygen scavengers. Organising the field testing programs, recommending suitable chemicals categories, and the monitoring and evaluation of the programs. Investigation of the microbiological corrosion problems. Recommending bactericides categories / chlorine, hypochlorite for control, organising the chemicals field testing programs, along with monitoring and evaluation .
D- Downhole Corrosion Problems :
a- Investigation of the downhole (internal) corrosion problems in oil, gas and water wells, via corrosion monitoring, chemical analyses results, corrosion logs. Economical feasibility study for the corrosion control programs and cost estimates. Multi-phase flow simulation in wells to assess flow induced corrosion .
b- Recommending the suitable corrosion inhibitors categories for the specific cases of the downhole inhibitor treatment considering the emulsion forming tendency, inhibitor effectiveness, thermal stability, film persistence, compatibility, clay swelling and permeability damage ….
c- Recommending / organising / implementing the downhole inhibition field testing and monitoring programs .
d- Recommending/ implementing the downhole corrosion inhibition programs and procedures for the flowing wells, pumping wells, and gas lifted wells of the different completion types. The downhole inhibitors application methods comprise the continuous injection (via the lift gas, lubricators, rod / beam driven injectors, inhibited stream recycling, wellhead packs, downhole injection via injection cables ..), standard batch treatment, extended bath treatment, batch- circulation treatment, slug – circulate and park, tubing displacement (kiss squeeze), formation squeeze treatment, downhole packs, weighted inhibitor treatment, rat hole storage, capsules, sticks, solid / liquid inhibitor squeeze – fracturing, solid inhibitor placement with gravel packing ….
e- Implementing the above programs as a turnkey project jointly with our associates (chemicals vendors and applicators) including chemicals supply, application and monitoring for the evaluation of the program.
E- Downhole Scale Deposition Problems :
a- Investigation of the problem of downhole scale deposition into the oil wells (wellheads, tubings, casings, ESP, wellbore) including the following:
i- The establishment of the theoretical prognostic scale prediction model based on the results of the chemical water analysis for the formation water, injection water and their mixtures under the several sets of the operating conditions of temperature and pressure at different depths in the oil well .This investigation is intended to predict the deposition of the various scale types (calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, strontium sulphate, barium sulphate, iron sulphide …) into the oil producers under the operating conditions. The investigations consider also the well production data and the BHP surveys results .
ii- Identification of the chemical composition and morphology (crystal form) of the depositing scale (calcite, argonite, celesite, barite, gypsum, anhydrite …) to verify the theoretical prediction model. This is achieved through the XRD – SEM analysis of the scale samples retrieved from the wells at varying depths to establish the scale type profile for the well .
b- The investigation of the scale deposition problems in the water and gas wells.
c- Recommending the suitable scale inhibitor category for each specific case for the downhole inhibition programs .
d- Recommending / organising the downhole scale inhibition treatment and field testing programs including the economical feasibility, monitoring and evaluation .
e- The recommendation of the downhole scale inhibition program procedures for oil, gas and water wells, by the various methods, wherever applicable including the downhole continuous injection, downhole packs, well head filter packs, liquid / solid inhibitor formation squeeze – fracturing … and the formation squeeze treatment (in situ precipitation squeezes, and the adsorption / desorption based squeezes). The programs incorporate a variety of the auxiliary speciality chemicals (polymers, wetting agents, mutual solvents …) and these programs are based on the full understanding of the aspects of the interaction of chemicals with porous media. In these formation squeeze programs, the additional chemicals are intended to improve the adsorption / desorption process by compensating for the downhole hydrodynamic and kinetic effects which exist during the common squeezes and which result in a slow adsorption and fast desorption, the matter which in turn leads to uneconomical short life treatments. Our programs are to be tailored to each specific case to eventually attain a long life and economical formation squeeze treatment .
f- The recommendation / organisation of the program procedures for the downhole scale removal and formation stimulation by chemicals. Recommending the effective chemicals categories for the job. Our programs also incorporate additional speciality chemicals to increase the efficiency of the common downhole scale removal / formation stimulation programs .
g- The economical feasibility study for the downhole scale removal / formation stimulation jobs versus the downhole inhibition treatment jobs and optimisation .
h- Implementing the above programs jointly with our associates (applicators,chemicals vendors) as a turnkey project, including the program monitoring and evaluation .
F- Downhole Oil Based – Deposits (Paraffin & Asphaltenes Problems :
a- The investigation of the problem considering
the oil analysis, deposits analysis and
composition, temperature surveys results, production data …
b- Recommending the suitable chemicals (paraffin dispersants, crystal modifiers, inhibitors, pour point depressants …) categories. Recommending the downhole application methods (continuous injection, formation squeeze) .
c- Implementation of the downhole oil based deposits cleaning / inhibition programs jointly with our associates as a turnkey project. The program also incorporates speciality chemical additives to result in economical long life treatments. Economical feasibility study for the cleaning versus prevention.
G- Water Injection Systems :
1- Monitoring of the performance and troubleshooting of the water treatment operations. Recommending and organising the chemical treatment programs using polyelectrolytes, alums, defoamers, oxygen scavengers, scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, hypochlorite, biocides, …etc. Recommending the suitable categories of these chemicals, organising monitoring and evaluating the chemical treatment programs and chemicals field testing programs. The control and monitoring of the water quality for injection .
2- With collaboration with our associates we can conduct the source water study to evaluate and select the water source suitable for the injection projects. The study may include the following :
a- On-site sampling and testing. Analysis including suspended solids, particle size distribution, dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, dissolved hydrogen sulphide, turbidity, alkalinity, oil content, dissolved iron, corrosivity, microbiology, and chlorine demand .
b- Laboratory evaluation of source water for injection including the filtration tests, composition and microscopic examination of the plugging solids to evaluate the source water injectivity, identification of the solids contributing to plugging, API chemical analysis … and culture and bacteria enumeration .
c- Scaling tendency of the individual source water. The compatibility study for the injection source water with the formation water, static and dynamic compatibility mixing tests of the injection source water – formation water mixtures , and the study of scale deposition into cores due to mixing of the source water , and the formation water .
d- Special analysis and evaluation of core samples for the purpose of water flooding and correlating the fractional permeability to pore size distribution and to particle size removal from source waters to improve injectivity .
e- On-site core flooding tests and study of clay swelling, investigation of the permeability decline due to flooding of the cores with actual source water filtered at different degrees, study of formation fines movements.
f- Study of water injection systems design concepts :
i- Clarification, filtration, and oxygen scavenging .
ii- Chemical treatment of water .
iii- Pumping, piping and system layout .
iv- Budget estimates and feasibility studies .
The same is also adopted when studying the waste water treatment for disposal into formations, or for use for injection projects .
H- Waste Water Treatment & Pollution Control :
a- Consultancy in the engineering aspects of the waste water treatment and oil recovery systems (skimmers, separators, induced air / gas flotation systems).Recommending chemical treatment programs using the chemical reverse demulsifiers, polyelectrolytes….. along with monitoring and evaluation .
b- The establishment of oil spill contingency plans for oil fields. The specification of the oil spill control / containment and pollution control equipment (dispersants, spraying equipment, skimmers, booms, dispersion tanks ….
I- Water Desalination & Water Treatment :
Consultancy, organising, implementing and monitoring the chemical treatment programs for brackish and potable water systems. Methods of desalination comprise reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, ion exchanging, evaporation-condensation ….
J- Dehydration / Desalting of Crude Oil Emulsions :
a- Consultancy in the dehydration / desalting systems including the electrical desaltation (single / dual polarity) processes, involving the heating, washing and the treatment with chemical demulsifiers, free water knock out systems.
b- Organising and evaluating the demulsifiers field testing programs, quality control .
c- Solving downhole emulsion problems in wells
by the downhole
demulsification treatment programs by the injection
of the demulsifier via the lift gas and by the formation squeeze treatment method .
K- Gas Conditioning and Treatment :
a- Consultancy, organising the programs, and selection of chemicals for the treatment of the gas for the artificial lift including, sweetening, dehydration, hydrates suppression, paraffin inhibition …..
b- The same for the foaming problems in gas / oil separators .
IV-Safety and Fire Protection Engineering
V- Environmental Engineering & Pollution Control